SS-31 (Elamipretide): Mitochondria-Targeted Peptide Research

Most compounds distribute wherever chemistry takes them. SS-31 is different: this aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide concentrates a thousand-fold in the inner mitochondrial membrane, making it one of the only true mitochondria-targeted research peptides.

The cardiolipin story

SS-31 binds cardiolipin — the signature phospholipid of the inner mitochondrial membrane that scaffolds the electron-transport chain. Published models associate the interaction with stabilised cristae structure and improved bioenergetic efficiency under stress conditions.

Research context

Mitochondrial dysfunction threads through ageing, cardiac, renal and neurodegeneration research — SS-31's clinical program (as elamipretide) plus a deep preclinical record make it the reference tool for the field. It pairs naturally with MOTS-c and NAD+ in mitochondria-focused programs — see our longevity research category.

Handling

A robust tetrapeptide; standard protocol. Verification matters as ever: bioenergetics assays measure single-digit-percent effects, well inside impurity artefact range.

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All compounds discussed are for in-vitro laboratory research only and are not for human or veterinary use.